5.1.13. Possible malfunctions of the engine
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Probable cause
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Way of elimination
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1. The engine is not launched
1.1. Fuel supply violation
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Mesh filters of the carburetor, the fuel pump or filters of purification of fuel are littered
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To wash out filters in unleaded gasoline. To replace the filter of thin purification of fuel, to wash out the filtering filter settler element
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The diaphragm of the fuel pump is damaged or tightness of valves is broken
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To replace a diaphragm or valves
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Water in filters of rough and thin purification of fuel or in a fuel-supply line froze
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To warm up settlers of filters or a fuel-supply line hot water
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The fuel-supply line is littered
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To blow a fuel-supply line compressed air
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Jammed the valve of supply of fuel of the float-operated camera in a closed position
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To wash out the valve in unleaded gasoline, to replace a sealing washer
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1.2. Poor gas mixture (cottons in the carburetor)
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See item 1.1
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Completely air gate is not closed
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To adjust the drive of the air gate
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Jets are littered: main and idling
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To wash out and blow jets air
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Thinnesses in connections of the carburetor with an inlet pipe and an inlet pipe with a head of the block of cylinders
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To tighten fastenings, if necessary to replace laying
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Low level of gasoline in the float-operated camera of the carburetor
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To adjust level
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Jamming of the valve of recirculation of the fulfilled gases in open situation
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To replace the recirculation valve
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1.3. Rich gas mixture (cottons in the muffler)
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The air gate is covered
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To open the air gate, to blow cylinders, turning a bent shaft at open butterfly valves
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Tightness of the valve of supply of fuel is broken
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To replace a sealing washer of the valve
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Tightness of a float is broken
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To restore tightness of a float
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Air jets of the dosing systems are littered
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To wash out jets unleaded gasoline and to blow compressed air
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The screw of quality of mix is adjusted on rich mix
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To adjust necessary composition of fuel-air mix
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The increased gasoline level in the float-operated camera
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To adjust level
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1.4. The engine is not launched in cold time
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The air gate is not closed
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To adjust draft of the drive of the air gate. To press for this purpose a pedal of an accelerator and to extend the handle of draft of the air gate. To fix the lever of the air gate on draft in a closed position of the gate
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1.5. Malfunctions in system of ignition
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The ignition coil is faulty
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To replace the ignition coil
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The switchboard * is faulty
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To replace the switchboard
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Lack of reliable contact in a chain of system of ignition
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To tighten contacts
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The sensor distributor * is faulty
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To replace the sensor distributor
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Sensors of a control system of the engine ** are faulty
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To replace sensors
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The control unit ** is faulty
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To replace the control unit
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2. The engine works unstably
2.1. Interruptions at a small frequency of rotation of a bent shaft in the idling mode
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High or low level of gasoline in the float-operated camera of the carburetor
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To adjust level
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Wrong adjustment of idling
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To adjust system of idling
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Availability of water in the fuel tank
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To merge a sediment
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Wrong adjustment of gaps of valves *
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To adjust gaps in the valvate mechanism
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Breakdown of the runner, plastic cover of the coil of ignition or cover of the sensor distributor of ignition *
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To replace the runner, the coil of ignition or a cover of the sensor distributor of ignition
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Leakage of flange connections of the carburetor, inlet pipe
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To tighten fastenings of flange connections, if necessary to replace laying
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The economizer of compulsory idling is faulty
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The tube of the locking device needs to be connected to the tube located on other party of the case the vacuum proofreader's tubes are lower. If idling is restored, to repair or replace system of shutdown of supply of fuel. If it is not restored, to wash out channels of idling, to check tightness of caps on the carburetor
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Deposit on candles
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To clear candles
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Leakage of connections of a tube of the vacuum regulator **
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To check and if necessary to eliminate leakage
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2.2. Interruptions in one or several cylinders of the engine
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Ignition sensor distributor cover burn-out *
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To replace a cover
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Breakdown of a wire of high voltage
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To replace a faulty wire
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Deposit on a candle
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To clear a deposit the sanding device
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The spark plug does not work
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To replace a spark plug
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The two-output coil of ignition is faulty
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To replace the two-output coil of ignition
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The control unit is faulty
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To replace the control unit
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3. The increased toxicity of the fulfilled gases
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See points 1.2 and 1.3;
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Wrong installation of a corner of an advancing of ignition *
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To adjust an ignition advancing corner
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Deposit on candles, the wrong gap between electrodes
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To clear candles, to adjust a gap between electrodes
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The wrong adjustment of thermal gaps between valves and yokes *
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To adjust gaps in the valvate mechanism
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Leakage of valves
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To grind in valves
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Wear of oil scraper caps
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To replace worn-out caps
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Wear of tsilindro-piston group
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To make repair of the engine
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Leakage of connections of a tube of the vacuum regulator
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To check and if necessary to eliminate leakage
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The sensor of absolute pressure ** is faulty
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To replace the sensor
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4. Deterioration in dynamics of the car (bad acceleration performance of the engine, the engine does not develop full capacity)
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Incomplete opening of butterfly valves
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To adjust the drive of butterfly valves
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See point 1.2
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Violation of operation of the accelerating pump
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To wash out a spray and channels of the accelerating pump, to blow compressed air. To check integrity of a diaphragm
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Wrong adjustment of valves of gas distribution *
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To adjust gaps of valves of the gas-distributing mechanism
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Wrong installation of a corner of an advancing of ignition *
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To adjust an ignition advancing corner
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The air filter is polluted;
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To replace the filtering element
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Position of gates <winter-summer> does not correspond to a season *
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To install gates in the situation corresponding to a season
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5. The raised gasoline consumption
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See points 1.2 and 1.3
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The air filter is polluted
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To replace the filtering element
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Wrong installation of a corner of an advancing of ignition *
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To adjust an ignition advancing corner
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Violation of tightness of a power supply system
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To check tightness of fuel-supply lines, the fuel tank, a stopper of the fuel tank. To eliminate the found malfunctions
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Malfunctions in a running gear of the car
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To check adjustment of brakes, bearings of naves of forward wheels, air pressure in tires
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High level of fuel in the float-operated camera
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To adjust level
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The carburetor is polluted
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To wash out the carburetor
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The air gate remains partially covered
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To adjust fastening of draft of the drive of the air gate
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Leakage of connections of a tube of the vacuum regulator
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To check and if necessary to eliminate
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6. The engine overheats
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The thermostat is faulty
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To replace the thermostat
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The belt (belts *) the drive of auxiliary units revolves
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To adjust a belt tension (belts *)
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Late ignition *
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To adjust an ignition advancing corner
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See point 1.2
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The radiator is littered
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To wash out the cooling system
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The sensor of a signaling device of an overheat of cooling liquid is faulty
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To replace the sensor
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7. The engine continues to work after switching off of ignition
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See point 6
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Low-octane gasoline is applied
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To apply gasoline with the recommended octane number
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8. Detonation knocks in the engine
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Early ignition *
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To adjust an ignition advancing corner
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Deposit on walls of combustion chambers and the bottoms of pistons
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To clear combustion chambers and the bottoms of pistons of a deposit
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Low-octane gasoline is applied
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To apply gasoline with the number recommended active
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9. Low pressure of oil
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Contamination or jamming of the reducing valve in open situation
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To wash out valve details, to clean a nest in the case of the oil pump
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The sensor or the index of pressure of oil is faulty
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To measure pressure the control manometer and if necessary to replace faulty devices
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Engine overheat
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To remove the overheat causes
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Easing of effort of a spring of the reducing valve
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To replace a spring
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Wear of inserts of a bent shaft
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To replace inserts
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Wear of details of the oil pump
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To replace the oil pump, to replace * laying between a cover and the case thin paper laying
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The underestimated or overestimated oil level in an oil case
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To add or merge oil to the recommended level according to the index
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10. The raised oil consumption
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Wear of piston rings
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To replace piston rings
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Contamination of system of ventilation of a case of the engine
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To carry out service of system of ventilation
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Leak of oil through epiploons and thinnesses of connections
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To replace epiploons and to restore tightness of connections by tightening or replacement of laying
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Destruction of oil scraper caps
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To replace oil scraper caps
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11. Knocks in the engine
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Big gaps between yokes and valves
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To adjust gaps in the valvate mechanism
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Wear of conrod and piston group
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To make repair of the engine
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Wear of inserts of a bent shaft
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To replace inserts
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12. Knocks in a forward part of the engine (ZMZ-4061, ZMZ-4063)
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Zakusyvaniye of a plunger of a gidronatyazhitel of a chain
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To sort a gidronatyazhitel, to establish the reason of a zakusyvaniye and if necessary to replace worn-out details
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** For UMZ-4215, ZMZ-4025, ZMZ-4026.
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** For ZMZ-4061, ZMZ-4063.
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